本文最后更新于：2023年5月6日 上午
系列文章
AWS Cloudwatch 数据源
对于 AWS Cloudwatch, 主要在于 3 种不同的认证方式：
- AWS SDK Default
- IAM Role
- AK&SK
- Credentials file
现在推荐的是使用 IAM Role 的认证方式，避免了密钥泄露的风险。
但是特别要注意的是，要读取 CloudWatch 指标和 EC2 标签 (tags)、实例、区域和告警，你必须通过 IAM 授予 Grafana 权限。你可以将这些权限附加到你在 AWS 认证中配置的 IAM role 或 IAM 用户。
IAM policy 示例如下：
Metrics-only:
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| {
"Version": "2012-10-17",
"Statement": [
{
"Sid": "AllowReadingMetricsFromCloudWatch",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"cloudwatch:DescribeAlarmsForMetric",
"cloudwatch:DescribeAlarmHistory",
"cloudwatch:DescribeAlarms",
"cloudwatch:ListMetrics",
"cloudwatch:GetMetricData",
"cloudwatch:GetInsightRuleReport"
],
"Resource": "*"
},
{
"Sid": "AllowReadingTagsInstancesRegionsFromEC2",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": ["ec2:DescribeTags", "ec2:DescribeInstances", "ec2:DescribeRegions"],
"Resource": "*"
},
{
"Sid": "AllowReadingResourcesForTags",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": "tag:GetResources",
"Resource": "*"
}
]
}
|
Logs-only:
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| {
"Version": "2012-10-17",
"Statement": [
{
"Sid": "AllowReadingLogsFromCloudWatch",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"logs:DescribeLogGroups",
"logs:GetLogGroupFields",
"logs:StartQuery",
"logs:StopQuery",
"logs:GetQueryResults",
"logs:GetLogEvents"
],
"Resource": "*"
},
{
"Sid": "AllowReadingTagsInstancesRegionsFromEC2",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": ["ec2:DescribeTags", "ec2:DescribeInstances", "ec2:DescribeRegions"],
"Resource": "*"
},
{
"Sid": "AllowReadingResourcesForTags",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": "tag:GetResources",
"Resource": "*"
}
]
}
|
Metrics and Logs:
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| {
"Version": "2012-10-17",
"Statement": [
{
"Sid": "AllowReadingMetricsFromCloudWatch",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"cloudwatch:DescribeAlarmsForMetric",
"cloudwatch:DescribeAlarmHistory",
"cloudwatch:DescribeAlarms",
"cloudwatch:ListMetrics",
"cloudwatch:GetMetricData",
"cloudwatch:GetInsightRuleReport"
],
"Resource": "*"
},
{
"Sid": "AllowReadingLogsFromCloudWatch",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"logs:DescribeLogGroups",
"logs:GetLogGroupFields",
"logs:StartQuery",
"logs:StopQuery",
"logs:GetQueryResults",
"logs:GetLogEvents"
],
"Resource": "*"
},
{
"Sid": "AllowReadingTagsInstancesRegionsFromEC2",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": ["ec2:DescribeTags", "ec2:DescribeInstances", "ec2:DescribeRegions"],
"Resource": "*"
},
{
"Sid": "AllowReadingResourcesForTags",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": "tag:GetResources",
"Resource": "*"
}
]
}
|
跨账号可观测性 :
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| {
"Version": "2012-10-17",
"Statement": [
{
"Action": ["oam:ListSinks", "oam:ListAttachedLinks"],
"Effect": "Allow",
"Resource": "*"
}
]
}
|
AWS Cloudwatch 数据源配置示例
几种认证方式的 AWS CLoudwatch 配置示例如下：
AWS SDK(default):
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| apiVersion: 1
datasources:
- name: CloudWatch
type: cloudwatch
jsonData:
authType: default
defaultRegion: eu-west-2
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使用 Credentials 配置文件：
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| apiVersion: 1
datasources:
- name: CloudWatch
type: cloudwatch
jsonData:
authType: credentials
defaultRegion: eu-west-2
customMetricsNamespaces: 'CWAgent,CustomNameSpace'
profile: secondary
|
使用 AK&SK:
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| apiVersion: 1
datasources:
- name: CloudWatch
type: cloudwatch
jsonData:
authType: keys
defaultRegion: eu-west-2
secureJsonData:
accessKey: '<your access key>'
secretKey: '<your secret key>'
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使用 AWS SDK Default 和 IAM Role 的 ARM 来 Assume:
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| apiVersion: 1
datasources:
- name: CloudWatch
type: cloudwatch
jsonData:
authType: default
assumeRoleArn: arn:aws:iam::123456789012:root
defaultRegion: eu-west-2
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Cloudwatch 自带仪表板
Cloudwatch 自带的几个仪表板都不太好用，建议使用 monitoringartist/grafana-aws-cloudwatch-dashboards 替代。
创建告警的查询
告警需要返回 numeric 数据的查询，而 CloudWatch Logs 支持这种查询。例如，你可以通过使用 stats 命令来启用告警。
这也是一个有效的查询，用于对包括文本 “Exception” 的消息发出告警：
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| filter @message like /Exception/
| stats count(*) as exceptionCount by bin(1h)
| sort exceptionCount desc
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跨账户的可观察性
CloudWatch 插件使您能够跨区域账户监控应用程序并排除故障。利用跨账户的可观察性，你可以无缝地搜索、可视化和分析指标和日志，而不必担心账户的界限。
要使用这个功能，请在 AWS 控制台的 Cloudwatch 设置下 ，配置一个 monitoring 和 source 账户，然后按照上文所述添加必要的 IAM 权限。
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