IoT 边缘集群基于 Kubernetes Events 的告警通知实现（二）：进一步配置

本文最后更新于：2023年5月6日上午

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目标

告警恢复通知 - 经过评估无法实现
1. 原因: 告警和恢复是单独完全不相关的事件, 告警是 Warning 级别, 恢复是 Normal 级别, 要开启恢复, 就会导致所有 Normal Events 都会被发送, 这个数量是很恐怖的; 而且, 除非特别有经验和耐心, 否则无法看出哪条 Normal 对应的是告警的恢复.
未恢复进行持续告警 - 默认就带的能力, 无需额外配置.
告警内容显示资源名称，比如节点和 pod 名称
可以设置屏蔽特定的节点和工作负载并可以动态调整
1. 比如，集群 001 中的节点 worker-1 做计划性维护，期间停止监控，维护完成后重新开始监控。

配置

告警内容显示资源名称

典型的几类 events:

apiVersion: v1
count: 101557
eventTime: null
firstTimestamp: "2022-04-08T03:50:47Z"
involvedObject:
  apiVersion: v1
  fieldPath: spec.containers{prometheus}
  kind: Pod
  name: prometheus-rancher-monitoring-prometheus-0
  namespace: cattle-monitoring-system
kind: Event
lastTimestamp: "2022-04-14T11:39:19Z"
message: 'Readiness probe failed: Get "http://10.42.0.87:9090/-/ready": context deadline
  exceeded (Client.Timeout exceeded while awaiting headers)'
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: "2022-04-08T03:51:17Z"
  name: prometheus-rancher-monitoring-prometheus-0.16e3cf53f0793344
  namespace: cattle-monitoring-system
reason: Unhealthy
reportingComponent: ""
reportingInstance: ""
source:
  component: kubelet
  host: master-1
type: Warning

apiVersion: v1
count: 116
eventTime: null
firstTimestamp: "2022-04-13T02:43:26Z"
involvedObject:
  apiVersion: v1
  fieldPath: spec.containers{grafana}
  kind: Pod
  name: rancher-monitoring-grafana-57777cc795-2b2x5
  namespace: cattle-monitoring-system
kind: Event
lastTimestamp: "2022-04-14T11:18:56Z"
message: 'Readiness probe failed: Get "http://10.42.0.90:3000/api/health": context
  deadline exceeded (Client.Timeout exceeded while awaiting headers)'
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: "2022-04-14T11:18:57Z"
  name: rancher-monitoring-grafana-57777cc795-2b2x5.16e5548dd2523a13
  namespace: cattle-monitoring-system
reason: Unhealthy
reportingComponent: ""
reportingInstance: ""
source:
  component: kubelet
  host: master-1
type: Warning

apiVersion: v1
count: 20958
eventTime: null
firstTimestamp: "2022-04-11T10:34:51Z"
involvedObject:
  apiVersion: v1
  fieldPath: spec.containers{lb-port-1883}
  kind: Pod
  name: svclb-emqx-dt22t
  namespace: emqx
kind: Event
lastTimestamp: "2022-04-14T11:39:48Z"
message: Back-off restarting failed container
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: "2022-04-11T10:34:51Z"
  name: svclb-emqx-dt22t.16e4d11e2b9efd27
  namespace: emqx
reason: BackOff
reportingComponent: ""
reportingInstance: ""
source:
  component: kubelet
  host: worker-1
type: Warning

apiVersion: v1
count: 21069
eventTime: null
firstTimestamp: "2022-04-11T10:34:48Z"
involvedObject:
  apiVersion: v1
  fieldPath: spec.containers{lb-port-80}
  kind: Pod
  name: svclb-traefik-r5p8t
  namespace: kube-system
kind: Event
lastTimestamp: "2022-04-14T11:44:59Z"
message: Back-off restarting failed container
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: "2022-04-11T10:34:48Z"
  name: svclb-traefik-r5p8t.16e4d11daf0b79ce
  namespace: kube-system
reason: BackOff
reportingComponent: ""
reportingInstance: ""
source:
  component: kubelet
  host: worker-1
type: Warning

{
  "metadata": {
    "name": "event-exporter-79544df9f7-xj4t5.16e5c540dc32614f",
    "namespace": "monitoring",
    "uid": "baf2f642-2383-4e22-87e0-456b6c3eaf4e",
    "resourceVersion": "14043444",
    "creationTimestamp": "2022-04-14T13:08:40Z"
  },
  "reason": "Pulled",
  "message": "Container image \"ghcr.io/opsgenie/kubernetes-event-exporter:v0.11\" already present on machine",
  "source": {
    "component": "kubelet",
    "host": "worker-2"
  },
  "firstTimestamp": "2022-04-14T13:08:40Z",
  "lastTimestamp": "2022-04-14T13:08:40Z",
  "count": 1,
  "type": "Normal",
  "eventTime": null,
  "reportingComponent": "",
  "reportingInstance": "",
  "involvedObject": {
    "kind": "Pod",
    "namespace": "monitoring",
    "name": "event-exporter-79544df9f7-xj4t5",
    "uid": "b77d3e13-fa9e-484b-8a5a-d1afc9edec75",
    "apiVersion": "v1",
    "resourceVersion": "14043435",
    "fieldPath": "spec.containers{event-exporter}",
    "labels": {
      "app": "event-exporter",
      "pod-template-hash": "79544df9f7",
      "version": "v1"
    }
  }
}

我们可以把更多的字段加入到告警信息中, 其中就包括:

节点: {{ Source.Host }}
Pod: {{ .InvolvedObject.Name }}

综上, 修改后的event-exporter-cfg yaml 如下:

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: event-exporter-cfg
  namespace: monitoring
  resourceVersion: '5779968'
data:
  config.yaml: |
    logLevel: error
    logFormat: json
    route:
      routes:
        - match:
            - receiver: "dump"      
        - drop:
            - type: "Normal"
          match:
            - receiver: "feishu"                     
    receivers:
      - name: "dump"
        stdout: {}
      - name: "feishu"
        webhook:
          endpoint: "https://open.feishu.cn/open-apis/bot/v2/hook/..."
          headers:
            Content-Type: application/json
          layout:
            msg_type: interactive
            card:
              config:
                wide_screen_mode: true
                enable_forward: true
              header:
                title:
                  tag: plain_text
                  content: xxx 测试 K3S 集群告警
                template: red
              elements:
                - tag: div
                  text: 
                    tag: lark_md
                    content: "**EventID:**  {{ .UID }}\n**EventNamespace:**  {{ .InvolvedObject.Namespace }}\n**EventName:**  {{ .InvolvedObject.Name }}\n**EventType:**  {{ .Type }}\n**EventKind:**  {{ .InvolvedObject.Kind }}\n**EventReason:**  {{ .Reason }}\n**EventTime:**  {{ .LastTimestamp }}\n**EventMessage:**  {{ .Message }}\n**EventComponent:**  {{ .Source.Component }}\n**EventHost:**  {{ .Source.Host }}\n**EventLabels:**  {{ toJson .InvolvedObject.Labels}}\n**EventAnnotations:**  {{ toJson .InvolvedObject.Annotations}}"

屏蔽特定的节点和工作负载

比如，集群 001 中的节点 worker-1 做计划性维护，期间停止监控，维护完成后重新开始监控。

继续修改event-exporter-cfg yaml 如下:

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: event-exporter-cfg
  namespace: monitoring
data:
  config.yaml: |
    logLevel: error
    logFormat: json
    route:
      routes:
        - match:
            - receiver: "dump"      
        - drop:
            - type: "Normal"
            - source:
                host: "worker-1"
            - namespace: "cattle-monitoring-system"
            - name: "*emqx*"
            - kind: "Pod|Deployment|ReplicaSet"
            - labels:
                version: "dev"
          match:
            - receiver: "feishu"                     
    receivers:
      - name: "dump"
        stdout: {}
      - name: "feishu"
        webhook:
          endpoint: "https://open.feishu.cn/open-apis/bot/v2/hook/..."
          headers:
            Content-Type: application/json
          layout:
            msg_type: interactive
            card:
              config:
                wide_screen_mode: true
                enable_forward: true
              header:
                title:
                  tag: plain_text
                  content: xxx 测试 K3S 集群告警
                template: red
              elements:
                - tag: div
                  text: 
                    tag: lark_md
                    content: "**EventID:**  {{ .UID }}\n**EventNamespace:**  {{ .InvolvedObject.Namespace }}\n**EventName:**  {{ .InvolvedObject.Name }}\n**EventType:**  {{ .Type }}\n**EventKind:**  {{ .InvolvedObject.Kind }}\n**EventReason:**  {{ .Reason }}\n**EventTime:**  {{ .LastTimestamp }}\n**EventMessage:**  {{ .Message }}\n**EventComponent:**  {{ .Source.Component }}\n**EventHost:**  {{ .Source.Host }}\n**EventLabels:**  {{ toJson .InvolvedObject.Labels}}\n**EventAnnotations:**  {{ toJson .InvolvedObject.Annotations}}"

默认的 drop 规则为: - type: "Normal", 即不对 Normal 级别进行告警;

现在加入以下规则:

- source:
    host: "worker-1"
- namespace: "cattle-monitoring-system"
- name: "*emqx*"
- kind: "Pod|Deployment|ReplicaSet"
- labels:
    version: "dev"

... host: "worker-1": 不对节点worker-1 做告警;
... namespace: "cattle-monitoring-system": 不对 NameSpace: cattle-monitoring-system 做告警;
... name: "*emqx*": 不对 name(name 往往是 pod name) 包含 emqx 的做告警
kind: "Pod|Deployment|ReplicaSet": 不对 Pod Deployment ReplicaSet 做告警(也就是不关注应用, 组件相关的告警)
...version: "dev": 不对 label 含有 version: "dev" 的做告警(可以通过它屏蔽特定的应用的告警)